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Compare Baker Island (2007) - Reunion (2002)

Compare Baker Island (2007) z Reunion (2002)

 Baker Island (2007)Reunion (2002)
 Baker IslandReunion
Administrative divisions - none (overseas department of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 4 arrondissements, 24 communes, and 47 cantons
Age structure - 0-14 years: 31.7% (male 120,864; female 115,251)


15-64 years: 62.5% (male 228,864; female 235,991)


65 years and over: 5.8% (male 17,459; female 25,552) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products - sugarcane, vanilla, tobacco, tropical fruits, vegetables, corn
Airports one abandoned World War II runway of 1,665 m covered with vegetation and unusable (2006) 2 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Area total: 1.4 sq km


land: 1.4 sq km


water: 0 sq km		 total: 2,517 sq km


land: 2,507 sq km


water: 10 sq km
Area - comparative about 2.5 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly smaller than Rhode Island
Background The US took possession of the island in 1857, and its guano deposits were mined by US and British companies during the second half of the 19th century. In 1935, a short-lived attempt at colonization was begun on this island - as well as on nearby Howland Island - but was disrupted by World War II and thereafter abandoned. Presently the island is a National Wildlife Refuge run by the US Department of the Interior; a day beacon is situated near the middle of the west coast. The Portuguese discovered the uninhabited island in 1513. From the 17th to the 19th centuries, French immigration supplemented by influxes of Africans, Chinese, Malays, and Malabar Indians gave the island its ethnic mix. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 cost the island its importance as a stopover on the East Indies trade route.
Birth rate - 20.7 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget - revenues: NA


expenditures: NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
Capital - Saint-Denis
Climate equatorial; scant rainfall, constant wind, burning sun tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry from May to November, hot and rainy from November to April
Coastline 4.8 km 207 km
Constitution - 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Baker Island		 conventional long form: Department of Reunion


conventional short form: Reunion


local long form: none


local short form: Ile de la Reunion


former: Bourbon Island
Currency - euro (EUR); French franc (FRF)
Death rate - 5.51 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status unincorporated territory of the US; administered from Washington, DC, by the Fish and Wildlife Service of the US Department of the Interior as part of the National Wildlife Refuge system overseas department of France
Diplomatic representation from the US - none (overseas department of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US - none (overseas department of France)
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient - $NA; note - substantial annual subsidies from France
Economy - overview no economic activity The economy has traditionally been based on agriculture. Sugarcane has been the primary crop for more than a century, and in some years it accounts for 85% of exports. The government has been pushing the development of a tourist industry to relieve high unemployment, which amounts to more than 40% of the labor force. The gap in Reunion between the well-off and the poor is extraordinary and accounts for the persistent social tensions. The white and Indian communities are substantially better off than other segments of the population, often approaching European standards, whereas minority groups suffer the poverty and unemployment typical of the poorer nations of the African continent. The outbreak of severe rioting in February 1991 illustrates the seriousness of socioeconomic tensions. The economic well-being of Reunion depends heavily on continued financial assistance from France.
Electricity - consumption - 1.014 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production - 1.09 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 55%


hydro: 45%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 8 m		 lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Piton des Neiges 3,069 m
Environment - current issues no natural fresh water resources NA
Ethnic groups - French, African, Malagasy, Chinese, Pakistani, Indian
Exchange rates - euros per US dollar - 1.1324 (January 2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997)
Executive branch - chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Gonthier FRIEDERICI (since NA)


head of government: President of the General Council Jean-Luc POUDROUX (since NA March 1998) and President of the Regional Council Paul VERGES (since NA March 1993)


cabinet: NA


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils
Exports - $214 million f.o.b. (1997)
Exports - commodities - sugar 63%, rum and molasses 4%, perfume essences 2%, lobster 3%, (1993)
Exports - partners - France 74%, Japan 6%, Comoros 4% (1994)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of the US is used the flag of France is used
GDP - purchasing power parity - $3.4 billion (1998 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $4,800 (1998 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 3.8% (1998 est.)
Geographic coordinates 0 13 N, 176 28 W 21 06 S, 55 36 E
Geography - note treeless, sparse, and scattered vegetation consisting of grasses, prostrate vines, and low growing shrubs; primarily a nesting, roosting, and foraging habitat for seabirds, shorebirds, and marine wildlife this mountainous, volcanic island has an active volcano, Piton de la Fournaise; there is a tropical cyclone center at Saint-Denis, which is the monitoring station for the whole of the Indian Ocean
Highways - total: 2,724 km


paved: 1,300 km (including 73 km of four-lane road)


unpaved: 1,424 km


note: 370 km of road are maintained by national authorities, 754 km by departmental authorities and 1,600 km by local authorities (1994)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports - $2.5 billion c.i.f. (1997)
Imports - commodities - manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and transportation equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products
Imports - partners - France 64%, Bahrain 3%, Germany 3%, Italy 3% (1994)
Independence - none (overseas department of France)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - sugar, rum, cigarettes, handicraft items, flower oil extraction
Infant mortality rate - 8.31 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - NA%
International organization participation - FZ, InOC, WFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km 120 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch - Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel
Labor force - 261,000 (1995) (1995)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture 8%, industry 19%, services 73% (1990) (1990)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)		 arable land: 13.2%


permanent crops: 2%


other: 84.8% (1998 est.)
Languages - French (official), Creole widely used
Legal system the laws of the US, where applicable, apply French law
Legislative branch - unicameral General Council (49 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council (45 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms)


elections: General Council - last held 15 and 22 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004)


election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - various right-wing candidates 13, PCR 10, PS 10, UDF 8, RPR 6, other left-wing candidates 2; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PCR 19, UDF 9, RPR 8, various right-wing candidates 4, various left-wing candidates 5


note: Reunion elects three representatives to the French Senate; elections last held NA 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Reunion also elects five deputies to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1, UMP 1, PCR 1
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 73.18 years


male: 69.78 years


female: 76.74 years (2002 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 79%


male: 76%


female: 80% (1982 est.)
Location Oceania, atoll in the North Pacific Ocean, about half way between Hawaii and Australia Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar
Map references Oceania World
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm		 exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 28,264 GRT/44,885 DWT


ships by type: chemical tanker 1


note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: France 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the US; visited annually by the US Coast Guard defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches - no regular indigenous military forces; French forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force, and Gendarmerie)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 194,485 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 99,251 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 6,243 (2002 est.)
National holiday - Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality - noun: Reunionese (singular and plural)


adjective: Reunionese
Natural hazards the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April); Piton de la Fournaise on the southeastern coast is an active volcano
Natural resources guano (deposits worked until 1891), terrestrial and aquatic wildlife fish, arable land, hydropower
Net migration rate - 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Communist Party of Reunion or PCR [Paul VERGES]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Andre Maurice PIHOUEE]; Socialist Party or PS [Jean-Claude FRUTEAU]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Gilbert GERARD]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population uninhabited


note: American civilians evacuated in 1942 after Japanese air and naval attacks during World War II; occupied by US military during World War II, but abandoned after the war; public entry is by special-use permit from US Fish and Wildlife Service only and generally restricted to scientists and educators; a cemetery and remnants of structures from early settlement are located near the middle of the west coast; visited annually by US Fish and Wildlife Service		 743,981 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 1.52% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors - Le Port, Pointe des Galets
Radio broadcast stations - AM 2, FM 55, shortwave 0 (2001)
Radios - 173,000 (1997)
Railways - 0 km
Religions - Roman Catholic 86%, Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist (1995)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female


total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: adequate system; principal center is Saint-Denis


domestic: modern open wire and microwave radio relay network


international: radiotelephone communication to Comoros, France, Madagascar; new microwave route to Mauritius; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 268,500 (1999)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 197,000 (September 2000)
Television broadcast stations - 35 (plus 18 low-power repeaters) (2001)
Terrain low, nearly level coral island surrounded by a narrow fringing reef mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast
Total fertility rate - 2.55 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Transportation - note there is a day beacon near the middle of the west coast -
Unemployment rate - 42.8% (1998) (1998)
Waterways - none
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